Laparoscopic surgery for infertility is a minimally invasive procedure used to diagnose and treat underlying causes of infertility such as endometriosis, pelvic adhesions, ovarian cysts, or blocked fallopian tubes. By inserting a thin, lighted camera through small abdominal incisions, surgeons can visualize the pelvic organs and perform targeted treatments with minimal trauma. This approach offers faster recovery, less pain, and improved reproductive outcomes compared to traditional open surgery. It plays a crucial role in restoring fertility and enhancing the chances of natural conception or assisted reproductive techniques.
Fibroids, also known as uterine leiomyomas, are benign smooth muscle tumors of the uterus commonly found in women of reproductive age. They can vary in size and number and may cause symptoms such as heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain or pressure, frequent urination, and reproductive issues including infertility or recurrent miscarriage. Diagnosis is typically made through pelvic ultrasound. Treatment options depend on symptom severity, fibroid size and location, and reproductive goals, ranging from medical management with medications to surgical interventions like myomectomy or hysterectomy.
Abnormal menses refers to any irregularity in the menstrual cycle, including changes in frequency, duration, or volume of bleeding. This can include heavy bleeding (menorrhagia), very light bleeding (hypomenorrhea), missed periods (amenorrhea), or bleeding between periods (metrorrhagia). Causes vary widely and may include hormonal imbalances, uterine abnormalities, infections, or systemic conditions. Proper evaluation through history, examination, and investigations is essential to diagnose the cause and guide effective treatment to restore normal menstrual function.
Blocked fallopian tubes occur when one or both tubes are partially or completely obstructed, preventing the egg from meeting the sperm, which can lead to infertility. Causes include infections, pelvic inflammatory disease, endometriosis, or previous surgeries. Diagnosis is typically made through imaging tests like hysterosalpingography (HSG) or hysteroscopy. Treatment options depend on the location and extent of blockage and may include surgical repair or assisted reproductive techniques such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) to achieve pregnancy.
Laparoscopic hysterectomy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure to remove the uterus using small abdominal incisions and a laparoscope (a thin, lighted camera). This approach offers advantages such as reduced pain, shorter hospital stay, faster recovery, and smaller scars compared to traditional open surgery. It is commonly performed for conditions like fibroids, adenomyosis, abnormal bleeding, or uterine prolapse. Depending on the case, the ovaries and fallopian tubes may also be removed during the procedure.
Laparoscopic surgery for cyst removal is a minimally invasive procedure used to excise ovarian cysts through small abdominal incisions. Using a laparoscope—a thin, lighted camera—and specialized instruments, the surgeon carefully removes the cyst while preserving healthy ovarian tissue. This approach offers benefits such as reduced pain, minimal scarring, shorter hospital stay, and faster recovery compared to traditional open surgery, making it an effective option for treating ovarian cysts.
Endometriosis cyst removal, also known as ovarian endometrioma excision, is a minimally invasive surgical procedure performed to remove cysts formed by endometrial tissue on the ovaries. Using laparoscopy, the surgeon carefully excises the cyst to relieve pain, reduce inflammation, and improve fertility outcomes. This targeted approach helps preserve healthy ovarian tissue while minimizing recovery time and postoperative complications.
Adenomyosis is a condition where the inner lining of the uterus (endometrium) grows into the muscular wall (myometrium), causing the uterus to become enlarged and tender. It often leads to symptoms such as heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding, severe menstrual cramps, and chronic pelvic pain. Diagnosis is typically made through imaging techniques like ultrasound or MRI. Treatment options include pain relief, hormonal therapies to regulate bleeding and reduce symptoms, and in severe cases, surgical interventions such as uterine artery embolization or hysterectomy.
Laparoscopic surgery for PCOD (Polycystic Ovary Disease) treatment, commonly called ovarian drilling, is a minimally invasive procedure used when medical management fails to induce ovulation. During the surgery, small holes are made in the ovarian surface using a laser or electrocautery to reduce androgen-producing tissue, which helps restore normal ovulation. This procedure can improve hormonal balance and increase the chances of pregnancy while minimizing the risks and recovery time compared to open surgery.
Sonohysterography, also known as saline infusion sonography, is a minimally invasive ultrasound procedure used to examine the inside of the uterus. During the test, a sterile saline solution is gently introduced into the uterine cavity through a thin catheter, which helps to expand the uterus and provide clearer ultrasound images. This technique is especially useful for evaluating abnormal uterine bleeding, detecting fibroids, polyps, adhesions, or structural abnormalities, and is often performed as part of fertility assessments. It offers a more detailed view than a regular pelvic ultrasound and is typically well-tolerated with minimal discomfort.
Uterine septum correction is a surgical procedure performed to remove a congenital partition (septum) dividing the uterine cavity, which can cause recurrent miscarriages, infertility, or pregnancy complications. This correction is usually done using hysteroscopic surgery, a minimally invasive technique that allows precise removal of the septum under direct visualization. The procedure improves uterine anatomy, enhancing the chances of successful pregnancy and reducing the risk of pregnancy loss.
Treatment of Stress Urinary Incontinence (SUI) includes a range of options based on severity and patient preferences. Initial management often involves lifestyle changes and pelvic floor muscle exercises (Kegels) to strengthen the muscles supporting the bladder. For persistent cases, physical therapy, vaginal pessaries, or biofeedback may be recommended. When conservative measures are insufficient, surgical options like mid-urethral sling procedures can provide effective long-term relief by supporting the urethra and preventing urine leakage during physical activities.
Cancer treatment depends on the type, stage, and location of the cancer and may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, or a combination of these modalities. The goal is to remove or destroy cancer cells, prevent spread, and improve patient outcomes. Personalized treatment plans are developed by a multidisciplinary team to optimize effectiveness while minimizing side effects, supporting both physical and emotional well-being throughout the care journey.
Ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized egg implants outside the uterus, most commonly in the fallopian tube. It is a potentially life-threatening condition that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment to prevent complications such as tubal rupture and internal bleeding. Management may include medication (methotrexate) to stop the growth of the embryo or surgical intervention to remove the ectopic tissue. Early detection and careful monitoring are essential to protect the mother’s health and preserve future fertility.
